Artificial intelligence and citizenship in Latin American governments

Abstract

This paper examines the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in public administration in Mexico City, Santiago de Chile and Buenos Aires, focusing on how AI has reshaped the relationship between government and citizens through enhanced transparency, efficiency and civic engagement. Using case studies and analysis of open data platforms, judicial automation and AI-based public safety measures, this work highlights the diverse applications and impacts of AI in each city. Mexico City’s Open Data platform exemplifies the role of open data in increasing government transparency and accountability, providing citizens with real-time access to information on infrastructure, budget and safety initiatives. Santiago de Chile has positioned itself as a regional leader in ethical AI governance through the “Santiago Declaration”, which establishes intergovernmental collaboration for the responsible use of AI, particularly in areas such as urban mobility and public safety. Buenos Aires has achieved unprecedented administrative efficiency in the justice system with its Prometea system, reducing case processing times and streamlining citizen access to public records with a blockchain-based digital identity system. The findings suggest that while AI has effectively modernized governance in these cities, challenges such as the digital divide, data privacy concerns and algorithmic biases must be addressed. The paper concludes with recommendations for inclusive policy frameworks and robust regulations to ensure that the benefits of AI are equitably distributed and aligned with citizens’ rights.