Actors and agreements in bilateral trade relations: an analysis of Brazil and Mexico in the regional context

Abstract

The economic relationship between Brazil and Mexico, two of the largest economies in Latin America, has not reached its full potential despite their size and capabilities. This document examines the key actors and institutional frameworks that have shaped this bilateral relationship, focusing on the Economic Complementation Agreements (ECA) 53 and 55. Through this analysis, the study aims to understand the influence of foreign policies and business interests on trade negotiations between the two countries. Since the 1990s, both nations have adopted distinct strategies for integrating into the global economy: Brazil as a global trader anchored in Mercosur, and Mexico through a privileged relationship with the United States. This document also analyzes the impact of these divergences on trade negotiations and the potential for a more comprehensive agreement.